Progesterone
Progesterone is a hormone produced by the ovaries and is critical to the proper functioning of the female reproductive system. However, as women age or experience hormonal imbalances, their natural production of progesterone can decrease, leading to a range of uncomfortable symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, headaches, decreased libido, vaginal dryness, weight gain and mood changes. Progesterone therapy can help alleviate these symptoms by supplementing your body’s natural supply of the hormone.
Progesterone also has other functions in the body, including promoting healthy bone density, regulating blood sugar levels, and supporting the immune system. It can also have a calming effect on the nervous system and may help to improve sleep quality.
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Progesterone Clinical Information
What Progesterone Is
Progesterone is the primary progestational hormone produced by the ovaries. Bioidentical micronized progesterone (oral Prometrium or compounded forms) has a favorable safety profile compared to older synthetic progestins like medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). It is widely used in modern hormone therapy.
Common Uses
- Endometrial protection for women on estrogen therapy with an intact uterus
- Perimenopausal sleep disruption and anxiety
- Premenstrual mood symptoms
- Adjunctive use in fertility and luteal phase support (under specialty care)
How It’s Dosed
- Oral micronized progesterone, typically at bedtime (mild sedating effect can support sleep)
- Vaginal compounded preparations for cyclic use
- Topical creams (compounded) — absorption variability makes blood-level monitoring important
Side Effects
- Mild drowsiness (often welcome — supports sleep)
- Breast tenderness (usually transient)
- Mild bloating
- Spotting or breakthrough bleeding (especially during dose changes)
Contraindications
- Known allergy to peanut oil (capsule contains peanut oil; compounded options available)
- Active liver disease
- Pregnancy unless under specialty obstetric supervision
- Active VTE
Medically reviewed by: Diana Medina, MMS, PA-C — Florida-licensed Physician Assistant
Medical Director: Luis Campillo, MD
Last reviewed: May 20, 2026
This page is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. All treatments require an individualized medical evaluation. DMHealth provides services via telehealth to Florida residents under the medical supervision of Luis Campillo, MD, in accordance with Florida Statutes § 458.347 governing physician assistant practice. Some statements have not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration; products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.